WebThe apical hook is formed by bending of the upper hypocotyl soon after germination, and it is maintained in a closed stage while the hypocotyl continues to penetrate through the soil and rapidly opens when exposed to light in proximity of the soil surface. WebJun 5, 2024 · Cytokines are proteins produced by cells, and they serve as molecular messengers between cells. In arthritis, cytokines regulate various inflammatory …
Phytochrome interacting factor proteins regulate cytokinesis in
WebAug 30, 2024 · Our further results showed that cytokinin regulates the apical hook development via two distinct pathways ( Fig. 8E ), including a novel identified pathway via post-transcriptional regulation of PIFs ( Fig. 5 ), and a well-acknowledged … WebSep 20, 2006 · This recent progress will be the foundation on which our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of auxin signal transduction is built, and is beginning to explain how auxin can not only have a... impact of poverty pdf
On hormonal regulation of the dynamic apical hook …
WebAug 13, 2024 · The apical hook protects the meristems of dicot seedlings as they protrude through the soil; multiple factors, including phytohormones and light, mediate apical hook development. HOOKLESS1 ( HLS1) plays an indispensable role, as HLS1 mutations cause a hookless phenotype. WebMay 1, 2024 · Apical hook development is the result of tightly orchestrated differential growth along the apical–basal axis of the hypocotyl. WebMay 11, 2024 · Moreover, we identified BUB3.1 as a direct organ-specific transcriptional target of PIF proteins to mediate cytokinesis and endoreduplication during apical hook opening. Our findings together revealed an organ-specific role of PIF proteins in regulating cytokinesis by BUB3.1 during apical hook development in Arabidopsis. list the factors of 125